Preface

The reporting period was characterized by the further development of the digital economy and the growth of demand for reliable telecommunication and IT services. In the context of dynamic changes in the industry, the Company continued the consistent modernization of infrastructure, the expansion of technological capabilities and the development of digital solutions aimed at improving the availability and quality of communication services across the Republic of Kazakhstan.

At the end of the reporting year, Kazakhtelecom JSC maintained its leading position in the national telecom­munications market, providing a wide range of services in the segments of fixed and mobile communications, broadband internet access, pay-TV, cloud services and digital solutions for B2C, B2B, B2G and B2O clients.

In 2025, the international rating agency S&P Global Ratings upgraded the credit rating of Kazakhtelecom JSC on the national scale from kzA+ to kzAA-, improved the outlook to “Stable” and confirmed the Company’s long-term credit rating at the BB level. This decision reflects the resilience of the Company’s financial profile, its market positions and the ability to continue the implementation of strategic investment projects.

The Company’s infrastructure continues to be one of the largest digital platforms in the region. As of 31 December 2025, the length of fibre-optic communication lines exceeded 96,242 km, 23 data centres are operating, and the mobile communications network includes 8,983 base stations. The 4G/LTE network has been deployed in all major cities of Kazakhstan, while during 2025 an additional 1,154 5G base stations were put into operation, which ensured the further expansion of coverage and enhancement of the network’s throughput capacity.

In 2025, the Company continued the development of the access network infrastructure. The possibility of connecting to high-speed internet was provided to 68,438 subscribers in multi-apartment residential buildings and 24,245 subscribers in the private sector, and more than 4 thousand additional subscribers were connected through network construction carried out using the Company’s own resources. In the course of access modernization, 77,598 users were transferred from copper lines to optical networks, which contributed to enhancing the stability of the connection and improving the quality of the services provided.

Particular attention was paid to the development of digital infrastructure and computing capacities. In the reporting year, the high-performance GPU cluster Al-Farabium based on NVIDIA H200, designated for AI tasks and big data processing was put into operation. According to the results of the international TOP-500 ranking of supercomputers, the Kazakhtelecom JSC cluster took 103rd place, confirming the high level of technological implementation of the project. The development of data centres and network infrastructure creates the basis for scaling digital services and solutions based on artificial intelligence.

The Company continued participation in the implementation of national projects aimed at expanding digital accessibility. The communication infrastructure development projects cover 2,991 rural population centres, where about 1.2 million people live, including the connection of educational institutions, government organizations and social infrastructure facilities, which contributes to reducing the digital divide between regions.

The development of international connectivity remained an important direction of the reporting period. In 2025, the implementation of the project for the construction of the submarine fibre-optic communication line along the Aktau (Kazakhstan) — Sumgait (Azerbaijan) route continued: the preparatory stages were completed, marine surveys were conducted, and the production of the submarine cable was begun, the laying of which is scheduled for 2026.

The integrated report has been prepared with the aim of providing stakeholders with an integral view of the Company’s activities, the interconnection of operational results, investment projects and the development of technologies. The presented results demonstrate the contribution of Kazakhtelecom JSC to the development of the digital economy, the enhancement of the accessibility of modern technologies and the formation of a sustainable telecommunications environment of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

The Company will continue the development of communication infrastructure and digital services, with priority attention to network reliability, the introduction of innovative solutions and the creation of long-term value for clients, partners, shareholders and society.